This agricultural revolution impacted farmers in high- and middle-income countries, but for some small-holder farmers in low-income countries, these expensive interventions are out of reach, leading to sizable yield gaps. Since the onset of the Green Revolution, this limitation has been overcome with the application of inorganic fertilisers, leading to massive improvements in agricultural output. The availability of reactive sources of Nitrogen (N) is one of the major limiting factors for crop production. Symbiotic Cysteine-rich Receptor Kinase UPS, Suppressor of cAMP receptor defect/WASP family verpolin homologous protein SHI/STY,
RHIZOBIUM-DIRECTED POLAR GROWTH SCAR/WAVE,
Nodule-specific cysteine-rich peptides NF, The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.Ĭalcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase CP,Įthylene Response Factor Required for Nodulation1 FLOT4,
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.įunding: This work was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (OPP1028264) through Engineering the Nitrogen Symbiosis for Africa (ENSA) project to GEDO that funded M-YJ. Citation: Jhu M-Y, Oldroyd GED (2023) Dancing to a different tune, can we switch from chemical to biological nitrogen fixation for sustainable food security? PLoS Biol 21(3):Ĭopyright: © 2023 Jhu, Oldroyd.
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